（大公報 記者 郭嘉）美國毒品問題根深蒂固，近年鴉片類藥物芬太尼氾濫成災。這完全是美國政府治理不力導致的結果，但美國政客頻頻「甩鍋」中國，污衊中國非法出口芬太尼，聲稱中國應為美國的芬太尼危機負責。美國總統特朗普今年更無理對中國加徵芬太尼關稅，對中美在禁毒領域的對話與合作造成負面影響。
中國外交部發言人林劍此前強調，芬太尼是美國的問題，不是中國的問題，責任在美國自身。美方如果真心想同中方合作，就應該停止對華抹黑推責。
U.S. Fails to Combat Fentanyl Crisis, Falsely Blames China
The drug problem in the United States is deeply rooted, and in recent years, fentanyl-related issues have become rampant. It is the U.S.'s responsibility to address this crisis. However, U.S. politicians often shift the blame to China, accusing it of illegally exporting fentanyl and claiming that China should be held accountable for the fentanyl crisis. U.S. President Donald Trump even imposed tariffs on Chinese imports related to fentanyl, which undermined dialogue and cooperation between China and the U.S. in counternarcotics efforts.
Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian previously emphasized that fentanyl is the U.S.'s problem, not China's. If the U.S. truly wants to cooperate with China, it should stop vilifying the country.
1·中國禁毒政策最嚴格
美國污衊中國「非法」大量出口芬太尼，事實上，中國是全球禁毒政策最嚴格、執行最徹底的國家。2019年4月1日，中國發布芬太尼類物質整類列管公告，並於當年5月1日起正式施行，成為全球範圍內第一個對芬太尼類物質實施整類列管的國家。
中國國家藥監局新聞發言人今年3月12日表示，2024年，中國芬太尼類藥品原料藥生產量為100公斤，主要用於國內醫療使用和出口；出口量為12.3公斤（以芬太尼類物質鹼基計），主要出口至韓國、越南、菲律賓等國家。截至目前，中國從未向北美地區出口過芬太尼類藥品。
China Implemented Strict Supervision Over Fentanyl
China exercises zero tolerance regarding drug issues and has implemented strict supervision over fentanyl-related substances. In 2024, China produced 100 kilograms of fentanyl-related medication, mainly for domestic medical use and export. Exports totaled 12.3 kilograms, mostly to South Korea, Vietnam, and the Philippines. China has never exported any type of fentanyl-related medication in any form to North America.
2·中國與各國開展禁毒合作
美國謊稱中國「禁毒不力」，事實上，中國高度重視芬太尼類物質管控，嚴格監管芬太尼類藥品，嚴密防範芬太尼類物質濫用，嚴厲打擊走私、製販芬太尼類物質違法犯罪。2019年5月芬太尼類物資整類列管後，中國公安部連續3年組織開展打擊製販芬太尼類物質等新型毒品專項行動；2023年，組織開展芬太尼類物質專項清理行動。芬太尼類物質整類列管後，中國未再查獲向境外走私、販賣芬太尼類物質犯罪案件。
中國與包括美國在內的各國開展富有成效的禁毒合作。中國公安部禁毒局與美國司法部緝毒署等禁毒部門保持日常熱線聯繫。
Promoting Global Cooperation on Drug Control
After fentanyl-related substances were put under full control in May 2019, the Ministry of Public Security launched special campaignsfor three consecutive years to combat the illegal manufacturing and trafficking of fentanyl-related substances and other new drugs. In 2023, it launched a special campaign to eliminate fentanyl-related substances. Since implementing full control of fentanyl-related substances, China has not detected any further cases of smuggling or selling fentanyl-related substances abroad.
The Narcotics Control Bureau of China's Ministry of Public Security maintains daily hotline communication with the US Department of Justice's Drug Enforcement Administration.
3·轉嫁治理失敗責任
美國國內芬太尼濫用問題日益嚴重，同美國長期存在的毒品文化、製藥業企業的利益驅動、美國政治中的推諉扯皮存在密不可分的關係。從30多年前開始，濫用鴉片類藥物的問題在美國就已出現。目前美國已是全球最大的芬太尼類藥品生產國和消費國，佔世界人口總數5%的美國人消費了全球80%的鴉片類藥物。美國政客在減少國內毒品需求、加強處方藥管控等真正關鍵的工作上無所作為，卻將中國當作替罪羊。
Shifting the Blame for Governance Failures
The problem of opioid abuse has persisted in the United States for over 30 years. Today, the U.S. is the world's largest producer and consumer of fentanyl-related medications, with Americans─who make up just 5% of the global population─accounting for 80% of the world's opioid consumption. American politicians have done little to tackle the critical issues of reducing domestic drug demand and strengthening prescription drug controls, yet they attempt to shift the blame for the fentanyl crisis onto China.
4·無理加徵芬太尼關稅
美國總統特朗普以芬太尼為由對中國產品加徵20%關稅毫無依據，是典型的保護主義、單邊主義和霸凌主義行徑。中方已多次表明，芬太尼是美國的問題，不是中國的問題。美方無視中方善意，對中國無理加徵芬太尼關稅，不僅無法解決美國國內芬太尼濫用問題，還嚴重衝擊中美在禁毒領域的對話與合作，也將進一步損害美國的國際信譽和道德形象。
Unjustified Fentanyl Tariffs
The fentanyl issue is the U.S.'s problem, not China's. Despite the goodwill China has shown in cooperating with the US to address its concerns on the issue, the US administration has imposed fentanyl tariffs on Chinese imports. That move has significantly undermined dialogue and cooperation between China and the U.S. in counternarcotics efforts.
5·胡亂編造數據
特朗普等美國政客談到毒品問題時經常信口開河，胡亂編造數據，凸顯他們將毒品問題當作政治噱頭，而不是真心想要解決問題。美國司法部長邦迪聲稱，特朗普政府收繳芬太尼將拯救「2.58億人的生命」，相當於美國總人口的四分之三。特朗普近期為打擊所謂委內瑞拉「運毒船」的行動辯護時更聲稱，去年美國有「3億人」死於毒品。事實上，去年美國因濫藥死亡人數約為8萬。
Fabricating Data
United States attorney general Pam Bondi falsely claimed that recent fentanyl seizures would save "258 million lives." President Donald Trump attempted to justify the fatal U.S. strike on a Venezuelan boat by claiming that 300 million people, presumably Americans, died from drugs last year. However, the actual number of the actual number of drug overdose deaths in the U.S. last year was roughly 80,000.
話你知｜何為芬太尼？
芬太尼是可作用於生物體內的鴉片受體、從而產生麻醉和鎮痛作用的物質，屬新型強效麻醉鎮痛劑，效果可達嗎啡的100倍，是聯合國管制的麻醉藥品。芬太尼最早由比利時藥理學家保羅·楊森於1960年合成，20世紀60年代中期開始在歐洲被廣泛使用。美國於1968年批准芬太尼用於醫療用途。
通過簡單修飾芬太尼化學結構上的某個原子或基團，即可得到作用相近甚至更強的芬太尼衍生物。這些芬太尼類物質常被不法分子濫用，與海洛因、可卡因等毒品混合，使人上癮；過量使用可導致昏迷、呼吸抑制甚至死亡。
（來源：大公報A3：要聞 2025/10/13）
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